iris

1 of 3

noun (1)

plural irises also irides ˈī-rə-ˌdēz How to pronounce iris (audio)
ˈir-ə-
1
a
: the opaque contractile diaphragm perforated by the pupil and forming the colored portion of the eye see eye illustration
b
: iris diaphragm
also : a similar device with a circular opening that can be varied in size
2
also plural iris : any of a large genus (Iris of the family Iridaceae, the iris family) of perennial herbaceous plants with linear usually basal leaves and large showy flowers
3

Illustration of iris

Illustration of iris
  • iris 2

iris

2 of 3

verb

irised; irising; irises

transitive verb

: to make iridescent

Iris

3 of 3

noun (2)

: the Greek goddess of the rainbow and a messenger of the gods

Examples of iris in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web
Noun
Stefani dressed on theme, rocking a glittery, purple bodysuit with an enlarged iris attached to the front of the look, as the pair sang in harmony. Angel Saunders, Peoplemag, 17 May 2024 Caesar can digitally freeze everything around him one second, then stare lovingly at Julia via a silent-cinema iris shot the next. David Fear, Rolling Stone, 16 May 2024 The small iris and scattering of light work together to create multipoint starbursts around small points of light. PCMAG, 16 May 2024 The bloom was always brief, though, only lasting two weeks before making way for the next rounds of flowers – iris, yarrow, honeysuckle, coneflower – each tossing its own scent into the bouquet of summer. Lily Stewart, The Christian Science Monitor, 10 May 2024 According to the description, the perfume weaves notes of bergamot, red apple, cotton candy, iris and freesia, buttery popcorn, warm sandalwood, vanilla bean and caramelized amber. Anna Tingley, Variety, 8 May 2024 This version comes in a wide variety of colors — iris, raspberry, and grapefruit are among our faves. Leonora Epstein, Peoplemag, 3 May 2024 Biometric information comprises data on a range of a person's physical characteristics, including retina or iris scans, fingerprints, voiceprints, hand scans, facial geometry and DNA. Eric Lagatta, USA TODAY, 16 Apr. 2024 Sometimes their irises are made of buttons, which the artist also uses to represent other body parts, including breasts and a corona of pink curls framing a round yellow face. Mark Jenkins, Washington Post, 29 Mar. 2024

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'iris.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Etymology

Noun (1)

Middle English, "iris of the eye, the plant Iris germanica," borrowed from Latin īrid-, īris "rainbow, the plant Iris pallida or related species," borrowed from Greek īrid-, îris "rainbow, iridescent halo around the moon, a flame, etc., iris of the eye, the plant Iris pallida or related species," going back to *wīrid-, *wīris, of uncertain origin

Note: Traditionally, Greek îris "rainbow" (for which an original digamma [letter representing the sound w] is assured by an inscription from Corinth and the metrics of epic poetry) has been regarded as a derivative of Indo-European *u̯ei̯H- "plait, wrap," parallel to Germanic *wīr- (see wire entry 1). However, the variant éris recorded by the Greek lexicographer Hesychius, as well as the dubious character of *wīrid- as an Indo-European formation (< *u̯ih1-r-i-?) has drawn this etymology into question. Perhaps a substratal word.

Noun (2)

Latin, from Greek

First Known Use

Noun (1)

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 3

Verb

1816, in the meaning defined above

Noun (2)

15th century, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of iris was in the 15th century

Dictionary Entries Near iris

Cite this Entry

“Iris.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/iris. Accessed 23 May. 2024.

Kids Definition

iris

noun
ˈī-rəs
plural irises
-rə-səz
or irides
ˈī-rə-ˌdēz,
ˈir-ə-
1
: the colored part around the pupil of the eye that changes in size to control the amount of light entering the pupil
2
also plural iris : any of a large genus of plants with long pointed leaves and large usually brightly colored flowers
3

Medical Definition

iris

noun
plural irises or irides ˈī-rə-ˌdēz How to pronounce iris (audio) ˈir-ə- How to pronounce iris (audio)
1
: the opaque muscular contractile diaphragm that is suspended in the aqueous humor in front of the lens of the eye, is perforated by the pupil and is continuous peripherally with the ciliary body, has a deeply pigmented posterior surface which excludes the entrance of light except through the pupil and a colored anterior surface which determines the color of the eyes
2

More from Merriam-Webster on iris

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